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Archive for the ‘Antibiotics’ Category

Antibiotics can be classified based on the work targets of these compounds and chemical composition. There are six groups of antibiotics viewed from the target or targets it works (the name of the example given by the British spelling because not all names pengindonesiaannya Indonesianized or doubt):

• Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors, including penicillin group, Polypeptide and Cephalosporin, such as ampicillin, penicillin G; Inhibitors of transcription and replication, including Quinolone group, such as rifampicin, actinomycin D, nalidixic acid;
• Inhibitors of protein synthesis, including many types of antibiotics, particularly from the class of macrolide, Aminoglycoside, and Tetracycline, for example gentamycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, Oxytetracycline;
• Inhibitor of cell membrane function, such as ionomycin, valinomycin;
• Inhibitors other cell functions, such as sulfa or sulfonamide group, such as oligomycin, tunicamycin; and
• Antimetabolite, such as azaserine.

The discovery of antibiotics occurred ‘accidentally‘ when Alexander Fleming, in 1928, forgot to clean up the stocks of bacteria in a petri dish and left it on the shelf wash over the weekend. On Monday, when the Petri dishes will be cleared, he saw some mold has grown in the media and the surrounding mold ‘clean’ of bacteria that were previously meet the media. Being interested in this fact, he did further research on these fungi, which turned out to be Penicillium chrysogenum syn. P. notatum (blue mold is easily found on the left moist bread a few days). He then got positive results in testing the effect of fungal extracts against bacteria collection. From the extracts that he recognized the first discovered natural antibiotics: penicillin G. The discovery of the antibacterial effects of Penicillium previously been known by researchers from the Institut Pasteur in France in the late 19th century, but the results are not recognized by the institution itself and not published.

Antibiotics are a class of compounds, whether natural or synthetic, which has the effect of suppressing or stopping a biochemical process in the organism, especially in the process of infection by bacteria. Use of antibiotics in particular relating to treatment of infectious diseases, although in biotechnology and genetic engineering are also used as a selection tool to mutant or transformant. Antibiotics work such as pesticides by pressing or break a chain of metabolism, only the target is bacteria. Antibiotics differ with disinfectant because of how it works. Desifektan kill germs by creating an unnatural environment for germs to live.
Unlike previous infection treatment, which uses a poison such as strychnine, antibiotics dubbed “magic bullets”: drugs which targeted disease without harming their master. Antibiotics do not effectively deal with infections due to viruses, fungi, or other nonbakteri, and Every antibiotics are very diverse in their effectiveness against various types of bacteria. There are antibiotics that target gram-negative bacteria or gram positive, there is also a broader spectrum. Its effectiveness also depends on the location of infection and the ability of antibiotics to reach the location.
Oral antibiotics (which is eaten) is easy to use if effectively, and intravenous antibiotics (intravenous) is used for more serious cases. Antibiotics can sometimes be used local, such as eye drops and ointments.

Antibiotics are chemicals designed to fight germs, especially bacteria. There are various types of germs, there are germs that are big, some small, with properties that vary as well.

Germs tend to nest in certain organ in the body of the host. Something like the brain, lungs, the intestines, nerves, kidneys, stomach, skin, or throat, and others. In the organs where make a nest it, the germs of certain infectious. Germs Typhoid causes typhoid in the intestine, TB germs in their lungs, in addition could also in bone, kidney, brain, and skin. Germ leprosy on nerves and skin, germs diphtheria in the throat, tetanus in the nerve, and more. Read the rest of this entry »